Tuesday, May 26, 2020

Stages Of Consultation Medicine Assignment Paper - 1100 Words

Stages Of Consultation Medicine Assignment Paper (Essay Sample) Content: Stages of the Consultation ProcessNAMEINSTITUTIONCOURSE AND PREFIX NUMBERDougherty (2014) identifies consultation as a key aspect of service delivery for those in most service industries especially from the members of the helping professions. Scholars agree that consultation is a strong and effective tool in the helping profession. The dynamism of the world today necessitates strategic proficiency and expertise among consultants so as to survive in the industry. Consulting is considered to have a variety of procedural and levelled phases. Different scholars have termed these phases differently with different models but all in all, they are in unison that consulting is a multi-staged process. Dougherty (2014) elaborates the stages as entry, diagnosis, implementation, and disengagement stages. Curphy (2008) explains the cycle as having these stages; brand awareness, developing relationships, proposal writing, design to delivery and evaluation. This paper looks at how a behavioural leader tailors consulting model to payer needs and health care reforms, how the consultant can use the theoretical psychological concepts to consultation and finally how the major behavioural health and psychology model can develop within the consultation stages.How a behavioural leader tailors consulting model to payer needs and health care reformsThe behavioural leader needs to integrate behavioural health with primary care so as to yield maximum benefits such as optimal patient experience, patient satisfaction, better health outcomes and reduced costs (Blount et al., 2007).Consultants need to embrace their leadership roles so as to be effective. The incorporation of behavioural health in to the dynamic health care reforms requires consultants as well as the policymakers to implant responsibility scopes and payment arrangements in the reforms so as to boost access to quality care for behavioural health patients (Bao., Casalino Pincus, 2013).Branding as well as establi shment of fortified relationships require marketing skills and massive networking so as to enter the system. This will require financial commitment such as to develop a website and mailing so as to establish connections and referrals. The proposal to evaluation stages also need capital as well as keen consideration of economic forces in designing a consultative model. The Patient Centered Medical Home (PCMH), the Health Home initiative within Medicaid and the Accountable Care Organization (ACO) are the key reform models that behavioural consultants need to consider. Patients insurance highly influences the stages of consultation.How the consultant can use the theoretical psychological concepts to consultationThere are different populations of behavioural health patients depending on level of illness and mode of payment. These populations influence the demand for behavioural health demand. Medicaid patients often have poor health services and with higher need for human and social ser vices. Hence, different policies apply for different population. A behavioural leader needs to consider this when tailoring their consultation models. Accreditation criteria and payment design tool can be applied to incorporate behavioural health in to reform efforts. Collaboration and innovation are important aspects to support a successful consultation venture.Behavioural consultation is viewed as the way to connect the assessment of social skills and their treatment. The stages of behavioural consultation involve diagnosis and implementation stages which are core in utilizing theoretical concepts of psychology. The theoretical constructs of psychology are applied in demonstrating phenomena in psychology which are not directly observable. These hypothetical constructs help to comprehend human behaviour. They are labels for groups of covarying behaviours. This is the foundation of behavioural consultation. For example, intelligence and motivation are psychological constructs that a re used to explain human behaviour. Behavioural consultation is a staged problem-solving process which entails collaborative efforts to discern clients needs and establish and incorporate right intervention tactics. This is the first step and aids in diagnosis. Implementation and disengagement stages are well enabled by insight and reorientation processes.How the major behavioural health and psychology model and theoriescan develop within the consultation stagesSheridan Cowan (2004) posit that there are four stages of behavioural consultation. These are; problem identification, problem analysis, treatment implementation, and treatment evaluation. For example, these scholars indicate that conjoint behavioural consultation gives a feasible and effective way of connecting assessment to treatment of socially withdrawn children. Problem identification requires comprehending the issue which requires operational definitions of psychological constructs to analyse the problem. Tests and meth ods for assessing social skills rely on theoretical constructs of psychology and hypothetical testing. Problem solving and treatment will rely on the established relations with the client as well as collaborative efforts in eliciting for information.Pawlikowska et al., (2007) identify a number of individual consultation models as elucidated by various scholars. Consultation may be initiated by an ill patient or by a practitioner implementing screening and preventive medicine. Medical psychology and behavioural health medicine share commonalities in the manner in which psychological, biological, and social influences interact to affect health. Psychological theories are applied to have a framework for comprehending human behaviours, thoughts and emotions. They are applied to explain human behaviour or anticipate future human behaviours so as to boost health and the patients well-being. These may include; developmental, cognitive, social psychology, humanistic, personality and behavio ural theories. Whether emergent, developmental, grand or mini theories, the different types of psychological theories help elaborate and predict human behaviour which found behavioural consultation.Adlerian psychotherapy, for instance, entails engagement, assessment, insight and reorientation. Engagement is a crucial aspect especially in the entry stage and in branding and building relationships ...

Tuesday, May 19, 2020

Social Networking Is Really Big, Especially For Teens Essay

In this era social networking is really big, especially for teens. According to Suren Ramasubbu, 75 percent of teenagers use social networks. They can use facebook, twitter, instagram, snap chat, and more. Teens live off of social networks, they use it to communicate, see what others are doing, or what they are planning to do. Most teens spend most of their day looking at their social networks. However, social networks can be good and/or bad depending on how you use it. It can be good because you can make new friends online, job opportunities, and news. Some bad things are stalkers, not a lot of privacy, bullying, and sexting. There are also some that will fall into both bad and good, such as education and communications. I believe that social networking is changing the way teens interact and be resourceful. Teens can use social networks to make new friends online. They don’t even need to be next to them or see them to get along; all they have to do is add him or her. Then the y re friends, that is all there is to it. However, the downside is that they don t know if that person is who they really say they are. The person that they added could be a fake or someone that wants to kidnap them. Another one according to Ehmke, is that they won t be seeing or hearing the effects the person on the other side is showing. Teens can also find jobs online. There are people out there that will post job offers online hoping to find someone. It is also a lot faster online then it isShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Social Media On Youth Essay1016 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effects of Social Media on the Youth of Today Studies have shown that the average person now spends more time each day on their phone and computer than they do sleeping according to Nick McGillivray (â€Å"What are the Effects of Social Media on Youth?). Social has become part of our social society, especially for the many youths. There are positives to being on social media and also equal amounts of danger that come with using social networking sites, including Facebook, Instagram, Twitter, etcRead MoreSocial Media Essay647 Words   |  3 PagesSocial The popularity of social networking sites such as Facebook, Twitter, Myspace, and YouTube have taken over the world in many ways that nobody would ever guess. These sites lets users to make profiles automatically where they can communicate with friends, families, and strangers through pictures, blogs, music, links and many other ways. As social networking sites become more important to society, some people agrees that these online sites are causing society a great trouble, especially theRead MoreThe Deprivation Of Social Media887 Words   |  4 Pages Team 4 THE DEPRIVATION OF SOCIAL MEDIA In 1971, social media came into existence solely to serve the purpose of providing efficient and speedy communication. The goals for social networking was made for simpler reasons such as business networking. The social network bloomed into much more, it no longer just served the purpose of communication, but as a venue for entertainment. Throughout the years people have been blind to the benefits of social media but do not see how it taxesRead MoreHow Technology Has Changed Our Lives1569 Words   |  7 PagesHave you ever used technology – surfing the internet, playing a videogame, or scrolling through social media – as a way to escape reality for a little bit? Have you been guilty of ‘binge watching† a Netflix series, or two...or three in one weekend because you did not want to deal with your parents, family or friends for a while? At what point does technology become an addiction, especially for teenagers of today who will be the first generation who knows nothing different than life with technologyRead MoreTechnology And Its Impact On Society1355 Words   |  6 Pagesadvances are being used for the purpose that they were created for. Various websites and technology-oriented things are being misused and causing unnecessary problems in people’s lives. Social networking has helped millions connect with their family and friends around the world. This however has also caused problems among teens and a lot of adults as well as they have become addicted, causing many to hide behind a screen to feel good about themselves and have caused them to stoop down to cyber bullying,Read MoreSocial Media And The Internet1564 Words   |  7 PagesTeens around the United States are all associated with social media and the Internet. Many years ago, before phones and computers were invented, simply going outside to play was a great way to spend time with friends and be entertained. Technology has evolved greatly since these days. Teens can communicate, post pictures, and search anything on the Internet nowadays. Although social media is a very big hit in this century, the real question is, is it safe? What does the use of social media and theRead MoreThe Positive And Negative Implications Of Social Networking Sites1604 Words   |  7 Pagesimplications of social networking sites. Introduction Social networking sites have become a big part of our lives. These sites are indeed twofold, and their impact on society is both positive and negative. My essay will, therefore try to answer both sides of the impact social networking sites have in today’s culture. A website article by (Shruti Tripathi Chopra 2015) stated that in 2008 Facebook made and estimated $300 million, that rose to a profit in 2014 of $2.9. The positive implications of social networkingRead MoreFacebook : Children s Minds1781 Words   |  8 Pagesjust letting you know about all the effects that come with having Facebook as a kid or young teenager. If you’re going to let your kid have a Facebook, be sure to sit him down and teach him how to use it and how to use it appropriately. Social media sites are a big part of your future now and what you post on it can be seen by anyone and people will look at your account if you re applying for jobs. Even though there are a lot of positives that come with Facebook I think the negatives outweigh themRead MoreIs Facebook The Devil?918 Words   |  4 Pagesat some point. When does a social medium cross the line from fun to addiction? â€Å"Facebook is the Devil,† my dad retorts to my mother as she sifts through the backlog of endless wedding photos, baby announcements, and political propaganda. You may laugh, but the statement above has some merit. If you ever catch yourself thinking â€Å"Wow, what a blooming idiot!† or â€Å"Eww, that’s a horrible picture of her. Why would she post that?† or my personal favorite â€Å"That baby is really ugly.† chances are you mayRead MoreFacebook : Children s Minds1790 Words   |  8 Pagesparents know about all of the effects that come with having a Facebook as a children or young teenager. If children are going to be allowed to have a Facebook, be sure to sit them down and teach them how to use it safely and correctly. Social media sites are a big part childrens’ futures and what children post on it can be seen by anyone. People will look at anyones’ account for possible job positions or even just to find out who someone is. Even though there are a lot of positives that come with

Saturday, May 16, 2020

The Multiplicity Of The Postmodern Era - 1543 Words

In the same way that a painter visualizes his work using brushes and paints, a person would paint the self in society as his/hers life’s work using language and words. Having more linguistic skills would resemble having more colors to paint the self with; hence the self would become more colorful and diverse in some way. In the diversity of the postmodern era, the self is no longer looked at as something that was constituted solely and formed innately by each individual, but rather as something that is shaped by communities, social reality that people live in, and narratives that people partake in. Every discursive communities, which often times are considered as cultures, use different symbols or languages with different vocabularies to communicate. The multiplicity of the postmodern era allows people to engage in different communities and speak various languages, which would be appropriate for each community. Dialogues and monologues are used to adapt and reveal the self in society by painting a textual image of the self, because otherwise there would only be assumptions. Language’s ability to conceptualize thoughts helps to interpret experiences into narratives or stories. Though words of languages have the ability to bear different meanings and change values over time or over different contexts, the use of them has always been a fundamental aspect of shaping the self. Through dialogues with others and life experiences the self would be shaped partly by gaining prejudicesShow MoreRelatedPostmodern Graphic Designer: Paula Scher1528 Words   |  7 Pagespostmodernism came to be seen as a term which usefully embraced those characteristics - such as eclecticism, ornamentation, kitsch, wit, and irony - which most typified the diversity of contemporary culture in a pluralist society. During the modernist era, designers hoped to reveal the fundamentals of art. Woodhams Twentieth Century Design puts forward that the modernists saw themselves as the cr eators of a machine age aesthetic truly redolent of the twentieth century which, freed from the shacklesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The Self Of The Age Of Information By Kenneth Gergen Essay987 Words   |  4 PagesWriting 2 Yijia Chen In the article, â€Å"The self in the age of Information,† Kenneth Gergen argues that under the information era, technology leads people to lose the â€Å"self† and reflect this lost on the writing. Discussing the same period, Jeremy Rifkin in the chapter â€Å"A Postmodern Stage† showed a more positive perspective about the change. To support his argument, Gergen elaborates damages in the community and institution that nurtured independent self, the direct erosion to solitary self. In theRead MoreThe Current Social And Political Climate On Australia Is The Corollary Of The Postmodern Age And Globalisation771 Words   |  4 PagesThe current social and political climate in Australia is the corollary of the postmodern age and globalisation. Postmodernity ushered in the notion of multiplicity, the destruction of universal truths and hybridity of identity and, â€Å"a more chaotic social landscape full of fluid identities and diverse social groups,† (Ward, 2003, p. 174). This was in stark contrast to the homogeneity of modernity. Modernity was built upon the concepts of universal truths, utopian visions and rationalism. This destructionRead MoreMartel s Life Of Pi1879 Words   |  8 Pagesto figure out which of the two stories â€Å"is true and which is not† (Martel 350). Through Pi’s journey on the lifeboat with Richard Parker he begins to have a new understanding of his personal relationship between God and himself based on a new postmodern belief system. This new type of belief system comes from the physical and mental survival that it took to survive on the lifeboat for 227 days. To survive he had to change what he used to consider his religious beliefs, and gain a new perspectiveRead MorePostmodernism and the Simpsons10775 Words   |  44 PagesMetanarratives Ritgerà ° til B.A.-prà ³fs Bjà ¶rn Erlingur Flà ³ki Bjà ¶rnsson bjornfloki@gmail.com Kt. 110982-5779 Maà ­ 2006 Abstract This essay offers a postmodernist reading of the popular television program The Simpsons, with special regard to the postmodern theories of intertexuality, hyperreality, and metanarratives. Before delving into The Simpsons, some major theoretical aspects of postmodernism in aesthetic production are outlined. Three of the most prominent theorists of postmodernism – LyotardRead MoreEvaluation of the Usefulness of Selected Examples of Foucaults Theory951 Words   |  4 PagesWithin this paper, I shall evaluate the usefulness of selected examples of Foucault’s theories from a feminist perspective. To begin, a short introduction will outline the era in which Foucault wrote, as this has been seen as influential to his work, inspiring him to move away from the former ideological ways of thinking about the world (Taylor and Vintges 2004, Mills 1997). I shall then go on to consider the changing nature of feminism, which has moved on from viewing patriarchy and men as the oppres sorsRead MoreEssay on The Postmodernist Impulse and Sam Shepard3396 Words   |  14 Pagesliberating (qtd. in Newman,1985: 266).The postmodern self is no more the united self of the modern era, rather it is a constructed fragmented phenomenon which is under the dominance of mass media images. Postmodern self is freed from the fixity of relationship between nominal identity and social roles. Freedom is no longer to be found in the hunt for authenticity but in the interplay of multiple roles that signify the openness of all meanings. The postmodern self rejects a center. â€Å"WhereRead MoreRemains of the Day as a Postmodern Novel5345 Words   |  22 PagesPostmodern literature has its many spokesmen. Many would agree that Kazuo Ishiguro is not the most typical representative of this somewhat anarchistic literary and social movement, but he is certainly one of its most subtle and valuable artists. He uses the principles of post modernistic writing in a very meaningful way, and only after a thorough analysis can one fully appreciate all carefully constructed and presented elements trough which he successfully delivers his story. Remains of the day,Read MoreEssay about The Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro5293 Words   |  22 PagesThe Remains of the Day by Kazuo Ishiguro Postmodern literature has its many spokesmen. Many would agree that Kazuo Ishiguro is not the most typical representative of this somewhat anarchistic literary and social movement, but he is certainly one of its most subtle and valuable artists. He uses the principles of post modernistic writing in a very meaningful way, and only after a thorough analysis can one fully appreciate all carefully constructed and presented elements trough which he successfullyRead MoreEssay about Postmodernism, Deconstructionism, and the Ethnographic Text5376 Words   |  22 Pagesdisembodied speech, disembodied but master (italics in original text) narratives and mythologies in which the corporeal â€Å"I† who speaks dissolves itself in a disembodied, depersonalized, institutional speech of power and knowledge (Nichols 1994:7), in the postmodern context, he argues, â€Å"movement and travel become an experience of displacement and dislocation, of social and cultural estrangement, of retrieval, survival, and self-preservation (1994:7). nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;The Postmodernist view in ethnography

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Analysis of Aaron Alexiss Case - 996 Words

Aaron Alexis’s case could have been avoided if gun laws had been more reliable. Investigators believe that the victims of Aaron Alexis, the navy yard shooter, were selected at random because there was no evidence that a single event triggered Alexis’s violent outburst. Alexis shot twelve people with no indication of a motive. (Hermann) What he did have, though, was a mental illness. He had showed signs of psychosis, but never received any treatment. (Tanfani) Police knew about his delusions and were worried about them; however, there were no reports that he had been hospitalized, although he spent time in the Veterans Affairs Hospital for Insomnia. When doctors there asked if he was depressed or suicidal, he said no. Because there†¦show more content†¦This was unlike him. Stone was a very good-natured person who was cursed with his mental illness. He was the father of four young girls who he would have never decided to leave had he been in his right state of mind. (Agostine) In Indiana, law allows police to seize guns from people who are threatening to harm themselves or others without a warrant. (26) Regardless of whether or not they’ve been found to have a mental illness, it is a very effective method because it allows police to take away a weapon that has the potential to do quite a bit of damage in a very short time. Had Stone’s gun been confiscated, he might not have done what he did. One flaw: Stone acted on an impulse directed by his mental illness. If police were able to legally take away a person’s firearms because he/she was diagnosed with a mental illness, then less damage could have been done in regard to the firearm’s capability of destructi on. Many things can be done differently in order to provide a safer, yet fair way to manage who can and cannot purchase firearms. One change that could be made is a mental evaluation directly before a person can legally purchase a gun. This would help because people who pose an immediate threat would not be able to purchase a gun or other firearm during that time, when they might be considered the most dangerous. However, some people would have no

Civil Liberties in the Aftermath of 9/11 - 1173 Words

September 11, 2001 was a milestone in the history of the United States, which experienced a collective shock and trauma that has never been forgotten. Not since the McCarthy era in the 1950s have there been such restrictions on civil liberties, including the protections of free speech and against unreasonable search and seizure in the First and Fourth Amendments. The entire airline and tourist industry was driven to the edge of bankruptcy and would not have survived at all without a major bailout by the federal government. After that time, the airlines decided that they could never permit another attack like this or they would be driven out of business. As it was, their stock prices collapsed and passenger schedules did not return to pre-September 11th levels for four years. All previous security plans were judged to be useless and inadequate, and were taken out of the hands of private security contractors and turned over to the federal government. New and more restrictive laws like the Patriot Act came into being, and the U.S. launched an all-out war on Al Qaeda that has continued for eleven long years, often using methods like torture that violated domestic and international law. Given the magnitude of the disaster and the collective trauma the country experienced, along with the fears of Al Qaeda obtaining weapons of mass destruction made these new restrictions inevitable, and nothing about them was surprising except that were not even more severe and repressive than theyShow MoreRelatedThe United States, Arab, Muslim, And Middle East1503 Words   |  7 Pagespart of the non-white â€Å"Other† even before 9/11. Media representations of Arab, Muslim, and Middle Eastern communities outside the borders of the United States served to construct the â€Å"terrorist† identity, which resulted in the collective racialization of Arab, Muslim, and Middle Easterners as terrorists. Through the conflation of the racialization of the Arab, Muslim, and Midd le-Eastern identity with the notions of terrorism and risk, the aftermath of 9/11 led to an emergence of racially motivatedRead MoreUse Of Securitisation Theory And Documentary Analysis1023 Words   |  5 Pagesterrorism in the aftermath of the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001 (9/11) terrorism took precedence over the civil liberties of privacy and freedom. This paper focuses on how the George W. Bush Administration, hereby referred to as the Bush Administration, successfully justified the infringement of civil liberties post-9/11 although it will also include the revelations of Snowden in 2013 and how this impacted on public opinion. Bush used religious discourse following 9/11 to manipulate publicRead More9/11...a Turning Point1408 Words   |  6 Pages9/11†¦A Turning Point There have been many turning points in American history; however none have had the same effects as September 11, 2001, and many people relate the day to the country’s loss of innocence. As a result of 9/11 many civil liberties were taken away, security was heightened, and there have been numerous effects on Americans. Although the attack happened on American soil, it can really be characterized as an attack on civilization itself, because people from more than 80 nationalitiesRead MoreThe War On Terrorism And Terrorism1614 Words   |  7 Pagesthe same as prior to September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks. Suspicions and distrust of â€Å"other†, fear of the unknown, and unease about the role and status of the United States of America permeates the air. Islamophobic attacks increase by 1,700% in 2001. Prior to 9/11, the FBI recorded just 28 hate crimes against Muslims. The following year it increased to 481. For visible Muslims, the threat of violence and abuse is even h igher (especially for women). Another fact 9/11 or 7/7 were often labeled asRead More The Patriot Act Essay1684 Words   |  7 Pages2001 our country underwent a change that has drastically affected the fundamental values that our founding fathers instilled in this country. Since that tragic day in September the aftermath of the attacks has started to implicate our Civil Liberties that in this country we hold so dear. Just 45 days after the September 11 attacks, with virtually no debate, Congress passed the USA Patriot Act on October 5th, 2001. This act expanded the surveillance powers of domestic law enforcement and internationalRead MoreAnalysis Of David Rapoport s Theory Of The Waves Of Terrorism1744 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is the significance of 9/11? This essay will argue that the events of 9/11 and the Bush led war on terror that followed, are extremely significant as they have created a new pattern for the understanding of world politics. Within this new pattern, the twenty-first century has experienced a divide between western powers and their allies, and some Middle-Eastern states. The events of 9/11 directly threatened the U.S. supremacy, marking the first significant terrorist attack on U.S. soil. As wellRead MoreAmerican Literature : An American Literary Time Period987 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican literature 1865-1914 is an American literary time period that began in 1865 and ended in 1914. This time period was flourished by three distinct features and the first of these features is: The Aftermath of the Civil War. It is estimated that a total of 620,000 Americans were killed in the Civil War, and for what? At the time, we were an America that was divided by one huge issue that ran supreme and it was slavery and the uneq ual treatment of African Americans. At this time the nation neededRead MoreEqual Rights of American Muslims in Various Sectors1782 Words   |  7 PagesRights of American Muslims: After over half a decade since the 9/11 terror attacks on American soil, the consequences of the devastating incident have continued to spread out on Muslims in the United States who have been subjected to harsh experiences because of association. These people have not only been held accountable for their actions but also for the actions of people with false banners in their name since the attacks. Before the 9/11 attacks, Muslims in America were mainly involved in developingRead MoreEffects of War since 9/111124 Words   |  5 Pagesinterest in utilizing diplomacy (The Terrorism Index, 2006). On September 11, 2001 a terrorist organization known as Al-Qaeda put in motion the largest ever terrorist attack against the United States of America. Al-Qaeda, a splinter Islamic group led by Saudi Osama Bin Laden, planned to hijack several civilian airplanes and crash them into multiple buildings on American soil. On the morning of September 11, 2001 Flight 11, which was one of the hijacked planes slammed into the north World Trade CenterRead MorePatriotic Or Power Hungry?923 Words   |  4 Pagesstandpoint. It analyzed the Soviet Union’s military power, economic growth, and political stability directly against that of the United States. The document perceived the Soviet Union as a growing threat to the United States and all of its allies. The aftermath of World War II left most nations scared of the potential power the Soviet Union could grow to be. For several centuries, it had proved impossible for any one nation to gain such preponderant strength that a coalition of other nations could not

Chemicals Analysis Essay Example For Students

Chemicals Analysis Essay Phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), and bismuth (Bi) form a group offour elements in Group 5A of the periodic table. They exhibit increasingmetallic properties going down the group. Nitrogen (N), which heads the group,is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas. Phosphorus is a highly reactivenonmetal, arsenic and antimony are poisonous metalloids, and bismuth is a truemetal. Because of the arrangement of the outer electrons in their atoms, each ofthese elements can form up to five chemical bonds with other elements or groupsof elements. Arsenic has an atomic number 33, atomic mass is 74.9216, and itsublimes (passes directly into a vapor without melting) at 613? C. History TheEarths crust contains relatively little arsenic, only about 5.5 parts permillion. Arsenic and some arsenic compounds have been known for a long time. Aristotle thought that arsenic was a kind of sulfur. The Latin word arsenicummeans yellow orpiment (a pigment containing arsenic and sulfur). While knowledgeof arsenic dates back to ancient Greece, it wasnt until the Middle Ages thatits poisonous characteristics were described. It was identified by Albert Magnusabout 1250, and he described the way to manufacture it. Since then the methodhas scarcely changed: the mineral arsenopyrite is heated and decomposes with theliberation of arsenic gas. The gas can be condensed on a cold surface. MetallicArsenic was first produced in the 17th century by heating arsenic with potashand soap. General Properties Arsenic is very similar to antimony and bismuth. Itexists in bright, metallic forms that are stable in air. It is found free innature or in combination with other elements, usually sulfur. It is most oftenused to improve the strength and hardness of alloys, which are combinations ofmetals. Arsenic is a gray, shiny metalloid, which is a moder ately good conductorof heat and electricity, but gray arsenic is brittle and breaks easily. This isthe ordinary, stable form of the element. There are two other allotropes (solidforms)yellow arsenic and black arsenic, whose modifications have no metallicproperties. Occasionally found free in nature, arsenic usually occurs incombination with sulfur, oxygen or certain metals like cobalt, copper, nickel,iron, silver, and tin. In combination, such arsenic is referred to as inorganicarsenic. Arsenic combined with carbon and hydrogen is referred to as organicarsenic. The organic forms are usually less toxic than inorganic forms. Theprincipal arsenic-containing mineral is arsenopyrite. The most widely usedarsenic compound is white arsenic, also called arsenic trioxide. It is usuallyproduces as a by-product of the smelting (melting)of copper or lead. At about400? C it burns with a bluish flame, forming the As2O3 (arsenic trioxide),which is used as a rat poison. In water, arsenic combination s range from beingquite soluble (sodium arsenite and arsenic acid) to practically insoluble(arsenic trisulfide). Twenty-one arsenic compounds are considered to be ofconcern because of their toxicity and/or presence in the environment. CommercialUses Compounds of arsenic have been used since ancient times for many purposes,including medicines and poisons. In Aristotles time it was used to hardencopper. Orpiment and realgar have long been used as depilatories in the leatherindustry. When orpiment is rubbed on silver, it gives the surface a goldencolor. Orpiment thus appears to have one of the properties attributed to thephilosophers stone, and it was therefore an important material for alchemists. Nowadays, it is used in the manufacture of fungicides, weed killers, ratpoisons, herbicides, pesticides and insecticides. It is also used to manufacturelead gun shot, to harden the lead, and used in certain types of electricalequipment and to increase the strength of certain alloys. Arsenic is alsoblended with gallium to produce semiconductors. Effect On Humans Arsenic is adeadly poison and its toxic quality has also been known since ancient times. Inthe human body it accumulates in the hair and the nails, where it can bedetected-even in the bodies of people long dead-by the Marsh test. The Marshtest was devised as a forensic test, where gas arsine is heated to form ametallic mirror of arsenic. Arsenic poisoning may be either acute or chronic. .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .postImageUrl , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:hover , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:visited , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:active { border:0!important; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:active , .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u4159fdbfcb7e2f09f182680f856a625b:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Zipper EssayAcute poisoning occurs when a person ingests a large quantity of arsenic at onetime. This condition is characterized by vomiting, diarrhea and cramps, and maylead to shock, coma and even death. Chronic poisoning occurs over a longerperiod of time. In cases of chronic poisoning, aneamia and paralysis may appear. Other symptoms include skin lesions that are noncancerous and tingling, andnumbness of the soles and palms that develops into a painful condition calledneuritis. With neuritis, reflexes in the extremities may be impaired and evenlost. Upon identification and treatment of the condition, the patient generallyrecovers within months, although recovery is not always complete. Prolongedlow-dose exposure to arsenic can also cause cancer, usually skin and lungcancer. Breathing arsenic can irritate the nose and throat; eye contact cancause red watery eyes and irritation. Long-term exposure can cause an ulcer orhole in the bone dividing the inner nose, hoarseness, and sore eyes. BAL(British Anti-Lewisite) was developed as an antidote against arsenic-containingwar gas Lewisite, but it also proved useful in treating common arsenicpoisoning. In medicine, 4-aminobenzene arsenic and 4-hydroxybenzene arseniccompounds are used in certain infections. An arsenical is one of a group ofdrugs that contain arsenic and have been used as a medicine. The best known isSalvarsan, an antisyphilis drug. Carbarsone is an arsenical used in treatingamebic dysentery. Arsenical now are being replaced with other drugs. SupplyWorlds production of arsenic trioxide in 1998 were estimated at 42,000 tonnes,with China contributing 33%, Belgium 14%, followed by Ghana, 12%, France 7% andMexico with 7%, at an estimated price of $0.40/lb. World resources of copper andlead were estimated to contain about 11 million tonnes of arsenic. Substantialarsenic resources occur in copper ores in Peru and Philippinesand in copper-goldores in Chile. Canada also has substantial arsenic resources, according to theU.S. Geological Survey. The United States imports all of its arsenic andcompounds with more than 95% coming into the country as arsenic trioxide. GroundWater Problem In many places, arsenic is causing a serious problem, that is veryhard to control, that is contaminating ground water. Throughout the world,arsenic in ground water often comes from natural sources such as bedrock. Insome areas, levels of arsenic are increasing in ground water because of seepagefrom hazardous waste sites, and arsenic pesticide runoff also produces elevatedarsenic levels in ground water. So, populations relying on ground water orsurface water near geological or man-made sources of arsenic may receive higherthan typical exposure. These areas include industrialized areas and areas wherelarge quantities of arsenic are disposed of in the landfills, areas of highhistorical pesticide use, with soil low in available ferrous and aluminumhydroxides, and areas of high natural levels of arsenic containing mineraldeposits. Population in the area of copper and other types of metal smelters maybe exposed to above-average levels of arsenic both through the air and as aresult of the atmospheric deposition in the soil and water. Individuals withprotein-poor diets or chlorine (of the Vitamin B complex) deficiency may be moresensi tive to arsenic than the general population. Milestones Due to this, and toits being carcinogenic, but also because of the toxicity of arsenic and itscompounds in general, environmental regulation is expected to becomeincreasingly stringent. While this might adversely affect arsenic demand in thelong term, it should only have a minor near-time effect. BibliographyChemistry Today: The World Book Encyclopedia Of Science. Chicago: World BookInc., 1992. Lexicon Universal Encyclopedia. New York: Lexicon Publications Inc.,1985. The World Book Encyclopedia

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Salvador Late or Early free essay sample

In the short story â€Å"Salvador Late or Early†, by Sandra Cisneros, Cisneros uniquely describes the main character Salvador. She uses detail, imagery, and diction to characterize Salvador in her short story. When she was describing Salvador, she makes it very simple to recognize the advance detail put in. In the first sentence, she stuffs and fills it with details, details, details, but also leaves you wanting to read more and more, leaving a complete description half empty, but full enough to question and want more. She narrates the passage, and tells the reader about Salvador’s eyes being the â€Å"color of caterpillar†. First, it makes you think, and even start to draw a picture of what it might look like in your head. Then she speaks, as if she is a bad conscience, a mean and almost bully like, and says that Salvador is a â€Å"boy who is no one’s friend†. We will write a custom essay sample on Salvador Late or Early or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Harsh much? She talks about how sad of a life he is having and puts details enough to make you have a deep emotion. Cisneros characterizes Salvador her best as she writes in great imagery. She states that he is of â€Å"crooked hair and crooked teeth†, â€Å"crooked hair†? Is she implying that his hair looks curly? Not well kept? Slept on wrong? All a reader can do is just imagine†¦ imagine a picture, maybe even pictures a couple of what he may look like. She then tells of where he lives; â€Å"behind a raw wood doorway†, and ends her imagery â€Å"faze† with a description of what his outer body is seen. He is seen as a â€Å"forty-pound body of boy†, but, yet, no one knows of his age, or height, but if a reader were to guess, he sounds like a scrawny boy. He might be scrawny because of where he lives. When Cisneros says a â€Å"raw†¦ doorway†, is she implying a bad looking one, or good looking one. It could go either way, but it just depend on how the reader ‘imagines’ it. Lastly, she ties together the story using diction. Cisneros, says Salvador â€Å"helps his mama†, implying that he probably doesn’t have a father at home helping the mother, which is why he has to help. She then ties all the loose ends up, and says that the mother is â€Å"busy with the business of the baby†, usually if a woman is to have a mans child, they stay with the mother helping them to raise the baby together as a ‘couple’. Not in this case. Later she describes his wardrobe/appearance, which is a â€Å"wrinkled shirt†. She describes his shirt with great diction. When she says â€Å"wrinkled† it could be implying that he had no time to iron his shirt because he has to help his mother out with his siblings, or implying that he doesn’t own one. In Sandra Cisneros’s short story, â€Å"Salvador Late or Early†, she takes her sharp skills, and makes an original way to describe her characters and makes it a captivating short story, making readers want to read more.